Balance de constituyentes químicos en el embalse de Pao Cachinche

Abstract

Given the environmental problems that has been taking place globally and nationally on water resources, it is essential to the preservation and proper management of surface water reservoirs for human consumption is considered necessary, the current knowledge of the amount of constituents chemicals, which can aggravate the most important reservoir for the central region such as Pao river Basin, which has two reservoirs that supply water to the populations Carabobo, Cojedes. That is why the aim of this research is to realize a balance Chemical constituent in Cachinche Pao Reservoir through desk and field research, with analysis of the methods used, the data obtained from the information provided by HIDROCENTRO, National Health Institute, MPPS and MPPA on Cachinche Pao Reservoir. This research provided results that led to the main conclusions presented below:

Excessive use of fertilizers, water pollution generated essentially by the contribution of nitrogen (as nitrate and ammonium salts) and phosphorus (as phosphate), generating the phenomenon of eutrophication in the reservoir, which has precluded the process of photosynthesis, and production of free oxygen, making the reservoir in an anaerobic system and plague water, generating bioaccumulation of toxic substances. Water balance obtained is positive upward flow entry presenting a large impact that rises sharply from 2005 and significantly in 2007 by the contribution of Lake Valencia The comparison between the obtained values accumulated in the reservoir and the parameters established in Decree 883 of the Rules for the Classification and Quality Control of Water Bodies and Liquid Effluent Discharges or; shows that for this type of water (Classification 1B) the results are outside the rules. Finally, the recommendations raised in the research are: Perform a Pao Reservoir bathymetry within Cachinche in both arms to corroborate the level of the reservoir sediments presented as calculated in this research. Are urged to implement Sanitation Plan Proposed Cachinche Pao Reservoir in this research.